QN: Explain briefly forms of Social security.

QN: Explain briefly forms of Social security.

ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL SECURITY

Social security firstly originated in Germany in 1881 when the Emperor William I, argued upon the Government to adopt social insurance schemes. Thus was passed in Germany the first compulsory Insurance Act in 1883 as per which old age security was provided to the working class. On the same model, the employment insurance was initiated in the year 1925. In the second half 20^th century, the International Labour Organization (ILO) of the United National Organization (UNO) played a vital role in the field of social security. The ILO adapted convention on maternity benefit workmen, sickness insurance as well as medical care. This convention had a great impact on the members of the UNO. After World War Two (WWII), social security schemes and ideas made world wide progress.

DEFINITION OF THE KEY TERMS

Shankar Rao, C. N. (2006), coped definition of social security from different scholars as follow:-

Prof. Friedlander defined social security as a program of protection provided by society against those contingencies of the modal life sickness, unemployment, old aged dependant and other alike.

Ronald Mendelson, defined social security is any form of organization assigned to ensure income security for the whole community by means of compensation to person for lack of income from own effort.

International Labour Organization defined social security as the security that society furnished, through appropriate organization, against certain risk to which its members are exposed.

THE COMPONENTS OF SOCIAL SECURITY

To give social economic protection and relief to their people. Due to the services provided by the social security it leads to the protection and relief to those people.

It involves social assistance and social insurance. This also are providing by social security.

It is necessary for the workers or other person to establish his financial need to obtain financial assistance.

Social security also provide economic consideration, it also involve social and physical aspect.

THE FOLLOWING ARE THE FORMS OF SOCIAL SECURITY

i/ Social insurance this aims at granting adequate benefit to the insured on compulsory bases in times of unemployment, sickness and other emergencies. It is used in cases of those contingencies which are predictable namely; old age, death and unemployment.

ii/ Public assistance. This is a kind of help which depend upon certain condition and legalities between worker and the state.

iii/ Public services. This is the services which may be provided by the government on a general bases to all the members of the group based on age, sex, for example children allowances and mantle.

In concluding, the whole above is all about the services provided by the social security to the needy people in the society.

Written by Dorothea Mote and powered by Chiwambo Ausi R, TEKU University, June, 2012