INTRODUCTION
Population
dynamics is the branch of life sciences that studies short-term and long-term
changes in the size and age composition of populations, and the biological and
environmental processes influencing those changes. Population dynamics involve
changes in the number of individuals in a population or the vital rates of a
population over time. Population dynamics deals with the way populations are
affected by birth and death rates, and by immigration and emigration. Population
dynamic sometime it involve the change in population whereby sometime it
increases and also decline.
Etymologically,
the word “education” is derived from “educare” (Latin) which means
"bring up", which is related to educere "bring out",
"bring forth what is within", "bring out potential" and ducere, "to lead" (Shankar
Rao, 2006). Education in the largest sense is any act or experience that has a
formative effect on the mind, character or physical ability of an individual. The
roles of population dynamic in the development of education sector have divided
into two main parts such as positive contribution and negative contribution.
Education always needs expertise’s who are professional workers and
non-professional, and students whereby the success of all these depends
population of a given area.
Definition of Key Terms
Population
is the total number of persons inhabiting a country, city, or the body of
inhabitants of a particular race, class, or group in a place (Wootton, 1990)
Dynamic
is the branch of mechanics that deals with the motion and equilibrium of
systems under the action of forces (http://www.definitions.net/definition/Dynamics).
Population dynamics
is changes in population growth rates, age structures and distributions of
people (UNDESA & UNFPA, 2012).
Population dynamics
is a trends and changes in population growth; migration; urbanization;
population density; and age structures, and associated with the latter, young
people and the elderly (UN, 2013).
Generally, Population dynamics
is changes in the number of individuals in a population or the vital rates of a
population over time.
Education
is a broad term that can have many meanings, but it is generally defined as the
process of learning and acquiring information (http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-education.htm).
Education
is the process by which society deliberately transmits its accumulated
knowledge, skills and values from one generation to another. From this
definition, the purpose of education is to develop the knowledge, skill, or
character of students.
Education sector
means the sector which deals with education matter within a country, for
instance Tanzania Education Sector dealing with management of education
provided in Tanzania.
The following are the roles of
population dynamics in development of education sector in East Africa:
The
role of population dynamic in development of education sector has divided into
two main parts; when population is high or low as follow:-
WHEN POPULATION IS HIGH
Increase number of professionals,
When the population of a given area is high caused by population dynamic
factors it accelerate availability of professional who are working on education
sectors who play a greater role on imparting skills, and knowledge through
training program either in schools, colleges and university as the result it
led to the development in education sector. These professional includes
teaches, and other workers who are working direct with education sector.
Increases of stakeholders in
education sectors including donors, When the number of
people changed to high population it led to high demand of education services
to people as a result stakeholders including individual stakeholders, group
stakeholders, and external stakeholders including donors decide to contribute
in education sectors so as to increase the number of educated people who will
going to work not only in education but also in other development sectors.
Low number of teachers compared to
student, Sometime when population of a given area is high it
led to poor provision of education services whereby the number of teachers
become low compared to the number of pupils or student as a result education
sector fail to provide its roles of providing skills and training to East
African people.
Increase of government expenditure
in education, When population is high in in a given
area it led to high cost to the government of East Africa on provision of
education services whereby a lot of government expenditure being used to
provide education to its people as a result other sector dropdown because of
inefficient budget.
Increase of creativity and
innovative on education matter, If the number of
people of a given area is high it is very easily the emergence of creativities’
and innovators on education matters. For example, because of high population in
East Africa including in Tanzania, nowadays in Tanzania has decided to provide
online program of teaching student and pupils which is aired through radio and televisions.
Also, population increased technology whereby nowadays we experienced to see
people they discussing education issues through internet social network
including Jamii Forum (Education Desk) for East African countries particularly
Kenya and Tanzania.
WHEN POPULATION IS LOW
Improvement of learning
environment, When population of a given area is low
which is caused by population dynamic it influence the improvement of learning
environment because the number of student and pupils in a given area is low
which easily for government on improving education environment and learning
facilities. So, this influence the government to prepare adequate education
budget as a result improvement of learning environment including presence
favorable room or class, dormitories, and
attractive geographical location.
Employment opportunity,
When population is low it means availability of employment opportunity in
education sector in East Africa become high because of less competition which
resulting to availability of workers who are profession working in education
sector whole over East Africa.
Resources availability and proper
utilization of resources, When population dynamic based on
low population within a given area it led to availability of resources and
proper utilization of resources because the number of people will afford to
utilize resources effectively so as to develop education sectors including
availability of wood for making desk, chairs, and tables, construction of
houses and class in East Africa.
Conclusion,
population dynamic in East Africa is changing depending with time and factors
such as migration, diseases, death, accident, birth rate, favorable climatic
condition and government policies. Therefore, when the population is high in a
given area it led to availability of professionals who working in education sectors,
increase of creativity and innovative, increase of government expenditure,
inadequate budget and availability of stakeholders who contribute to the
development of education sector. Also, when a population is low it led to
Employment opportunity, improvement of learning environment and proper
utilization of resources both natural and human resources.
REFERENCES
Shankar
Rao, C. N, (2006), Sociology; Principles of Sociology with an Introduction to
Social
Thought”, New Delhi, S. Chand
Publishers
UN,
(2013), Population dynamics in the context of the post-‐2015 development
agenda, New
York, UNDESA Publisher
UNDESA
& UNFPA, (2012), Population dynamics; Thematic Think
Piece, New York,
UNDESA Publisher
Wootton,
R. J, (1990), Ecology of Teleost Fishes, New York, Mc Graw Hill
Written By AUSI CHIWAMBO (2014)-Teofilo Kisanji University
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